实验室废弃物安全处理的基本准则！

　　实验室废弃物安全处理的基本原则包括及时处理、分类处理、集中收集、定点存放、标识清楚、专人负责等方面。

　　The basic principles of laboratory waste safety treatment include timely treatment, classified treatment, centralized collection, fixed-point storage, clear identification, special person responsible, etc.

　　1、及时处理

　　1. Deal with it in time

　　实验中产生的废弃物，要及时进行处理，并将处理流程形成制度，贯彻“即产生即处理”的思想和制度，减少其扩散、污染的时间。

　　The waste generated in the experiment should be treated in time, and the treatment process should be formed into a system. The idea and system of "treat as you produce" should be implemented to reduce the time of diffusion and pollution.

　　2、分类处理

　　2. Classification processing

　　实验室废弃物复杂多样，应依据制定的废弃物分类标准进行合理分类，定期进行安全处理。且不同废弃物间可能会发生化学反应或交叉污染，会加大污染几率，因此还应防止造成二次污染。

　　Laboratory waste is complex and diverse, so it should be reasonably classified according to the established waste classification standards, and treated safely on a regular basis. And chemical reaction or cross pollution may occur between different wastes, which will increase the probability of pollution. Therefore, secondary pollution should be prevented.

　　3、集中收集、定点存放

　　3. Centralized collection and fixed point storage

　　实验室内设置指定的废弃物收集地点，设立不同功能的房间，分别为固废暂存室、废液暂存室、其他废物暂存室等。

　　The laboratory is equipped with designated waste collection sites and rooms with different functions, including solid waste temporary storage room, waste liquid temporary storage room and other waste temporary storage rooms.

　　实验室装修

　　4、标识清楚

　　4. The mark is clear

　　实验室内应将一般固废和危险固废分开存放，因此应设置至少2种颜色的垃圾桶。一种为一般固废垃圾桶，主要存放一般固废；另一种为危险固废垃圾桶，主要存放实验室中产生的接触危化品、其他还有毒物质的固废。生物或医学实验室，还应配有明显标识的利器盒，专门存放处锐塑皮弃物。

　　The general solid waste and hazardous solid waste should be stored separately in the laboratory, so at least two kinds of color bins should be set up. One is a general solid waste bin, which mainly stores general solid waste; The other is the hazardous solid waste bin, which mainly stores the solid waste generated in the laboratory in contact with hazardous chemicals and other toxic substances. The biological or medical laboratory should also be equipped with a sharp tool box with obvious identification, and a special storage place for sharp plastic waste.

　　5、专人负责

　　5. Special person in charge

　　从分类收集、贮存保管、到处理处置等各个环节，都必 须由专人负责，并建立相应环节的安全操作规程SOP和文件记录，以便于溯源管理。

　　Special person must be responsible for all links from classified collection, storage and storage to treatment and disposal, and SOP and document records of corresponding links shall be established to facilitate traceability management.

　　如何处理实验室废气？

　　How to deal with laboratory waste gas?

　　1：实验室产生的少量废气一般可以通过通风装置直接排至室外。

　　1: A small amount of waste gas produced in the laboratory can be directly discharged to the outside through the ventilation device.

　　2：HCl、硫化氢等酸性气体，可以用碱液吸收，如浓度很低则可以通过抽风设备排放到室外。

　　2: HCl, hydrogen sulfide and other acidic gases can be absorbed by lye, if the concentration is very low, they can be discharged to the outdoor through the exhaust equipment.

　　3：毒性大的气体可以参考工业废气处理办法，用吸附、吸收、氧化、分解、热解、焚烧等方法处理后排放。

　　3: Toxic gases can be treated by adsorption, absorption, oxidation, decomposition, pyrolysis, incineration and other methods.